Monitoring techniques refer to methods used to evaluate and assess various aspects of a system or process in real-time or at regular intervals. These techniques can encompass a wide range of methods, such as data collection, analysis, visualization, and reporting. Some common monitoring techniques include: 1. Performance monitoring: This involves tracking and analyzing the performance of a system, such as response times, throughput, and resource utilization, to identify any bottlenecks or inefficiencies. 2. Health monitoring: This involves monitoring the overall health of a system, including hardware and software components, to detect any issues or failures that may impact performance or reliability. 3. Security monitoring: This involves monitoring and analyzing network traffic, system logs, and other data sources to identify potential security threats, such as unauthorized access, malware, or suspicious activity. 4. Environmental monitoring: This involves monitoring and measuring environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and air quality, to ensure conditions are optimal for operations or to detect potential risks. Overall, monitoring techniques play a crucial role in ensuring the effectiveness, efficiency, and security of systems and processes across various industries and applications.